DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automatically assigns IP addresses and network settings to devices so they can connect to a network and access the internet. When DHCP stops working correctly, devices may be unable to obtain an IP address, resulting in limited or no network connectivity. The steps below can help identify the cause of the issue and restore your connection.

1. Verify the Network Connection

Before making configuration changes, confirm that your device is properly connected to the network.

• For Ethernet connections, ensure the network cable is securely connected to both the device and the router or switch.
• For Wi-Fi connections, verify that you are connected to the correct wireless network (SSID).

2. Restart the Modem and Router

A simple restart can resolve many temporary DHCP-related issues.

1. Turn off the modem and router.
2. Unplug both devices from power for at least 30 seconds.
3. Plug them back in.
4. Allow 2–3 minutes for the devices to fully restart and reconnect.

3. Confirm DHCP Is Enabled on the Router

If the DHCP service is disabled, devices will not receive IP addresses automatically.

1. Open a web browser and enter your router's IP address (for example, 192.168.1.1).
2. Sign in using the administrator credentials.
3. Navigate to the LAN, Network, or DHCP settings section.
4. Verify that the DHCP Server option is enabled.

4. Renew the Device IP Address

Requesting a new IP address can resolve expired or invalid DHCP leases.

On Windows:

ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew

On macOS or Linux:

Use your network settings to renew the connection or run:

dhclient

5. Check Automatic IP Configuration

Ensure the device is configured to obtain network settings automatically.

1. Open the network adapter settings on your device.
2. Confirm that both the IP address and DNS settings are set to Automatic (DHCP).
3. Remove or disable any manually configured static IP settings if they are not required.

6. Reconnect to the Network

Refreshing the connection may trigger a new DHCP request.

• Turn Wi-Fi off and back on, or
• Disconnect and reconnect the Ethernet cable.

7. Check for IP Address Conflicts

IP conflicts can prevent devices from communicating properly on the network.

1. Restart devices connected to the network.
2. Verify that no two devices are using the same IP address.
3. Review any manually assigned IP addresses to ensure they do not overlap.

8. Update Network Drivers and Router Firmware

Outdated software can sometimes cause DHCP communication issues.

1. Install the latest network adapter drivers for your device.
2. Visit the router manufacturer's website and check for firmware updates.
3. Apply updates according to the manufacturer's instructions.

9. Reset the Router if Necessary

If other troubleshooting steps have not resolved the issue, a factory reset may help.

1. Locate the router's reset button.
2. Press and hold it for 10–30 seconds, depending on the manufacturer's instructions.
3. Reconfigure Wi-Fi, DHCP, and other network settings after the reset is complete.

If devices still cannot obtain an IP address after completing the steps above, try the following:

• Check your device's current network settings and confirm it has received a valid IP address, default gateway, and DHCP-assigned configuration.
  
  
  
  Windows:

  ipconfig /all

  macOS/Linux:

  ifconfig
  
  or
  
  ip addr

• If the device has an IP address beginning with 169.254, it may not be receiving an address from the DHCP server.
• Verify that the DHCP address pool has available IP addresses.
• Clear outdated or duplicate DHCP lease entries.
• Check router logs for DHCP-related errors or failed lease requests.
• Change the Wi-Fi channel if interference from nearby networks is suspected.
• Review Quality of Service (QoS) settings that may affect network traffic.
• If you are using a managed business network, verify that VLAN and DHCP relay settings are configured correctly.
• Use packet capture tools to analyze DHCP traffic, including Discover, Offer, Request, and Acknowledge messages.

• Restarting the modem or router will temporarily disconnect all users on the network.
• Save or back up router settings before making significant configuration changes.
• Avoid assigning static IP addresses that fall within the router's DHCP address range.
• Schedule firmware updates during periods of low network activity whenever possible.
• A factory reset will remove custom settings, including Wi-Fi names, passwords, and network configurations.
• If you are connected to a managed or corporate network, contact your network administrator before making configuration changes.